Burns and Scalds
Burns require immediate cooling to prevent the heat from continuing to damage deeper layers of skin.
When to call 911
Call 911 if the burn is deep, larger than 3 inches, covers the hands, feet, face, groin, or a major joint, or is caused by chemicals or electricity.
Warning Signs
- Blistering skin
- Charred or white skin (severe burn)
- Severe pain (note: third-degree burns may be painless due to nerve damage)
Immediate Action
Stop the burning process. Remove the person from the source of the burn.
Visual Placeholder
Medical Diagram: Clear, professional illustration showing the correct technique for Burns and Scalds. Stylized similar to Mayo Clinic or WHO visual guides.
Step-by-step Instructions
Cool the burn
Hold the burned area under cool (not cold) running water for at least 10 to 20 minutes.
Remove restrictive items
Remove jewelry, belts, and tight clothing from the burned area quickly and gently, before it swells.
Cover the burn
Cover the area loosely with a sterile, non-stick dressing or clean plastic wrap.
What NOT to do
- Do not apply ice directly to the burn (it causes further tissue damage).
- Do not pop blisters.
- Do not apply butter, ointments, toothpaste, or creams to a severe burn (they trap heat and complicate medical treatment).
- Do not remove clothing that is stuck to the burn.
Common Myths
MYTH: Butter soothes a burn.
FACT: Butter traps heat inside the tissue and introduces bacteria, increasing the risk of infection.
Medical Reference: World Health Organization (WHO) - Fact sheet on Burns
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult emergency services for critical situations.